What is a mortgage? - www.mortgagepluscc.co.za

• A mortgage is a loan that is secured on immovable property, normally your home, hence the term “home loan”.
• The mortgage is lent to you in a lump sum to pay for the property and is legally bound to the property by the attorneys who register your mortgage bond. You then have to pay back this mortgage over a given length of time.
• This time period is usually 20 years, but it can vary between 5 and 30 years depending on circumstances.
• If you don’t make payments as agreed, the lender has the right to sell your property in order to recover their money. This is rare but it is important to understand from the outset that if you do not keep up with your mortgage payments you are at risk of losing your home. 

How much can I borrow for a mortgage? – Affordability Calculator

• This is often one of the first questions to be asked.
• Unfortunately it is not an exact science and all banks have their own methods to calculate affordability.
• Since the introduction of the National Credit Act this has become more complicated.
• The most accurate method of establishing how much you are eligible to borrow is to contact your Mortgage Plus Bond consultant.

• Generally the larger the deposit (as a percentage of the value of your house), the better the interest rate you can negotiate with the bank.
• This is because the lenders know that if you default on your loan and they repossess the property, there is more chance of them getting their money back on the sale of the property. Hence there is less risk to the lender.
• The larger the deposit you put down, the lower the rate of interest you are likely to get.
• A larger deposit also reduces the risk of you going into negative equity, where the value of your house falls below that of your mortgage. This makes it difficult to sell your house because the proceeds won’t cover the debt you owe. 

The main additional costs are:
• Transfer fees
• Conveyance fees
• Bond registration fees
• Valuation fees
• Initiation fees

• Mortgage brokers are paid a commission by the lender for every mortgage organised on behalf of their clients. A mortgage broker should not charge their client a fee.
• As a client, always ask your mortgage broker about their commission relationships with lenders. Good brokers will always disclose this information.
• You will require significant additional funds to cover the deposit and fees. Remember to include these costs when calculating how much you can afford to spend on a house.

How much will my mortgage interest rate be?

Your mortgage interest rate will depend on a number of factors such as:
• The loan to value ratio (the size of your mortgage compared to the price of the house you are buying or own).
• Your repayment to income ratio (the cost of your monthly mortgage repayment to your gross monthly income).
• The size of your bond.
• Your credit profile.
• Contact your Smartbridge mortgage consultant for advice on your likely interest rate.
• The interest rate charged on your mortgage is crucial. It will determine how much you can afford to borrow and therefore how much you can afford to spend on a house

Your maximum monthly mortgage payment is based on your monthly disposable income. To calculate your monthly disposable income: • Subtract all your deductions such as tax and UIF from your gross income to get your net income. • Calculate your total monthly expenses, such as groceries, car insurance etc. • Subtract your monthly expenses and existing debt such as credit card, vehicle finance, or loan repayments from your net income. • The balance (if there is any) is your potential maximum monthly mortgage payment.

I have additional sources of income, how will this affect my mortgage application?

• Lenders will take into account additional income you may have such as rental income, investments and dividends etc. • Lenders vary in how they view additional income streams. • Contact a Mortgage Plus consultant to assess and discuss your options.

Can family members make a contribution to my mortgage application?

• Yes.

• You can take into account contributions from family members if they are living on your property. • If a partner or child is making a contribution to the family finances, then the banks will recognise it. • It is your responsibility, as the borrower, to prove these family contributions.

Is my annual bonus taken into account in my mortgage application?

• Yes.

• Annual bonuses are taken into account but you will have to prove them with entries on your bank statements and letters from your employer.

Buying Your First Home: Everything You Need to Know Before Taking the Leap

Buying your first home can be a daunting experience; with all the hype in the news about high interest rates, repossessed homes, and the near impossibility of obtaining a home loan most people are running, sprinting, towards renting a home instead of running the risks of buying one.

But even with all the negative press about the current state of the property market there is no better feeling than owning your own home. And with interest rates about to drop there is no time like the present to take the plunge. Here is everything you need to know before buying your first home …

Be Pre-approved:Nothing beats the piece-of-mind of shopping with a pre-approved bond. Arranging a pre-approved bond will minimise stress when shopping for your new home; knowing what you can afford will allow you to narrow down the search and save you the time of looking at things you can’t afford and that aren’t suitable. www.mortgagepluscc.co.za

Plan Ahead for Success:

 Before setting out to buy a home, it pays to think about your needs. Often one may fall in love with “the perfect house” only to find that the home is not in the right area or that the garden is too big to manage. If the home is for a family, the needs of the whole family must be considered – husband, wife, children, and sometimes even grandparents. Think about how many bedrooms and what size kitchen is needed; and whether having a garage is important. Do you have a dog and need the property to be fully fenced?

Very few people have the money to buy exactly what they want, so make a list of your requirements and break it down into “must have” and “like to have”. It will help you when you start looking at homes. Then think about the area where you want to live – is it quick and easy to get to work? Are there schools and shops nearby?

Monthly expenses need to be carefully budgeted before you even start looking. Owning a home not only means paying a monthly bond installment but has many new bills too. Make a list of everything you’ll have to pay – bond instalment, rates or levies, house insurance, mortgage (bond) protection insurance, electricity and water, repairs and maintenance; and make sure your budget can afford everything you have listed.

Know your Agents:

Get to know the agents in the areas you are searching in and inform them about what you are looking for and your price range. They will be able to notify you when new properties come on the market and can provide a tailor-made service to suit your needs.
Putting in an Offer to Purchase

Once you have seen a property you like, the estate agent will help you draw up an “Offer to Purchase”. This document contains all the terms and conditions of the sale, the purchase price, the payment terms, the date you will take occupation of the property, and the occupational rent.

Occupational rent is a monthly amount paid to the seller by the purchaser to occupy the property prior to the date of registration of transfer of the property into the name of the purchaser. Alternatively occupational rent could be paid by the seller to the purchaser if he/she needs to continue occupying the property for a period after registration of transfer.

If you plan to take out a home loan, the “Offer to Purchase” must include a condition that the sale is subject to bond approval being obtained within a realistic amount of time — i.e. 7 – 10 working days. Once you have confirmation that your loan has been approved, you must notify the estate agent immediately to ensure that your offer becomes unconditional and to enable the process to continue.

This condition is very important, because if you are not able to secure finance, the “Offer to Purchase” will terminate and become null in void, and neither you nor the buyer will be liable to pay any costs or penalties.

The Offer to Purchase should also include details of any unusual fixtures or fittings which are included in the purchase price, or which the seller might want to take with him when he leaves. Generally all items which are “fixed” remain in the house, but furniture, loose carpets and appliances go with the seller. This is where conflicts often arise, so it’s best to ensure any important items are noted in the contract.

Take the time to find out everything you need to know about a property before signing anything. Visit the house for a second look – you may have missed something the first time. Always express your concerns to the estate agent and ask them to assist you in clarifying any problem areas that you may have or consult an Attorney. Once the seller has accepted and signed the offer, it becomes a contract binding on both parties. However, if the purchase price is R250 000 or less, the buyer has the right to cancel the offer within 5 days of signing the Offer to Purchase. This must be confirmed by the buyer giving written notice to the seller and the sellers’ agent within those 5 days.

Applying for a loan:

As a first time home buyer there are a number of special criteria which you’ll need to fulfill in order to qualify for a home loan.
One of the most important factors to consider is what size bond you can qualify for; often this is about 25-30 percent of your salary, however if you and your partner apply for the loan jointly you may be approved for a larger loan amount.

Upon the application for your home loan the bank will consider the Loan-to-Value ratio (LTV) , which is the ratio between the home loan amount you are applying for and the value of your property. This is an important factor as the LTV percentage forms part of the interest rate calculation on your loan amount.

The maximum loan term offered by all banks is twenty years, and some banks require a life policy to be ceded to them. It is important to clarify this with your bank immediately.

 The general requirements of applying for your first home loan are the basic details of your monthly salary, your credit history and the offer to purchase.

The following criteria will need to be passed to qualify for a home loan;

- You must be 21 years or older
- Proof of six months of permanent employment or at least two years of self-employment,
- Minimum salary requirements can vary between R8 000 and R10 000 per month joint or single income.
- You’ll need to have a credit clear history – i.e. no judgments or defaults.
- Some banks may require SA citizenship.

Also Make sure you have all the following documents available.

- Copy of ID
- 3 months bank statements.
- Offer to purchase, which is the written agreement between the seller and the buyer on the purchase price of the property. Sectional Titles must submit most recent body corporation financials.
- Most recent pay slip, commission earners will need to submit 6months pay slips.

- If you’re a self employed business owner:
- 6 months business accounts statements
- 6 months personal bank statements
- a letter from auditor or accountant stating monthly income.

Taking Ownership of Your New Home:

Once all the conditions of the contract have been met and the deposit paid, the next process is the transfer of the property into your name and the registration of the Mortgage Bond at the Deeds Office. The Conveyancing Attorneys handle this part of the loan process and will contact you when the documents are ready to be signed.

The seller will also have to provide you with an Electrical Clearance Certificate, as well as a document stating that the property is pest-free. These conditions may vary depending on which province your property is situated in.

The registration and transfer process normally takes between 8-10 weeks if there are no unexpected delays.

The day the transfer is registered in the Deeds Office is the day you become the legal owner of the property. Your lender will start the insurance policy and begin charging interest on the loan and will inform you when the first instalment becomes payable. From this date onwards you are also responsible for paying rates and levies — or earlier, depending on conditions of sale agreement.

Once everything is finalised:Once all the Is are doted and the Ts crossed you can finally enjoy your home. Transform your new house into a home by personalising your space. Focus on making your home a comfortable space where you can unwind and have fun; after all you will be sacrificing a large portion of your income to stay there.

And don’t forget to think long-term; boost your future re-sale value by ensuring that you keep your home updated and looking good. Budgeting for routine maintenance and unforeseen emergencies will ensure your home stays looking as, if not more, beautiful than when you bought it.

Words by: Crystal Espin

Speak to a home loan consultant about financing your new property or reviewing your existing mortgage. We are able to assist in lowering your bond repayments and securing attorney discounts.

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Call us on 011.327.4489
Email: morne@mortgagepluscc.co.za

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